Most marine animals form their shells from calcium carbonate, which is a tough mineral also found in limestone. Some sponges and microorganisms use another compound silica. There is also a group of ...

Seashells are abundant along coastlines, originating from mollusks that construct exoskeletons for protection. Comprised mainly of calcium carbonate, these shells possess enduring qualities that make ...

Having recently spent several quiet days on nearly empty beaches along the New Jersey shore, I was taken by the beauty of what had to be millions of broken shells and fragments scattered along the ...

Sea otters are surprisingly good at using tools. If they come across a particularly tough clam shell and they are desperate ...