This lab includes a theoretical explanation of how buffers work and how they are made, including a derivation of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Students will use what they have learned to ...

The chemical substance hydrochloric acid is the aqueous (water-based) solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas. It is a strong acid, the major component of gastric acid and of wide industrial use. As a ...

An acid-base indicator is a substance that changes color as the pH of the solution changes. Indicators work because they are weak acids which when in solution, exist in equilibrium with their ...