because Spinoza’s Latin spirit fermented in an Ibn Tibbon Hebrew rebrew, a Marrano malt that neither is a single nor a double, but a triple, ale from three spirits which Spinoza’s mighty mind would ...

In March, 1668, Adriaan Koerbagh, a Dutch physician in his mid-thirties, hired Johannes Van Eede, a printer in Utrecht, to publish his new book, “A Light Shining in Dark Places, to Shed Light on ...

Jewish Lights Publishing, 224 pages, $24.99. What does a 12th-century rabbi in Egypt, arguably the greatest thinker in Jewish history, have in common with a 17th-century Jewish philosopher in ...

Little known is the life of Michael Spinoza, Baruch Spinoza’s father, but he was a loyal son of Israel and follower of the Amsterdam rabbinate. On July 27, 1656, the leadership of the Sephardic ...

Here are the opening lines of the herem, the philosopher Spinoza’s excommunication from the Amsterdam synagogue. With the judgment of the angels and with that of the saints, we put under herem, ...

Key works about Spinoza’s critical role in the formation of modern Jewish identity Arguably, no historical thinker has had as varied and fractious a reception within modern Judaism as Baruch (Benedict ...

Want to stay current with Arthur’s writing? Sign up to get an email every time a new column comes out. Imagine that you had dedicated yourself to helping others think a little differently about life ...

We often think of cancel culture as a contemporary phenomenon, driven by social media and rife in our hyper-connected world. But really, punishing people for their ideas and opinions has been going on ...