Gaius Julius Caesar was born into Roman aristocracy on July 12 or 13, 100 BCE, and rose to become one of history's most influential military commanders and political leaders. Between 58 and 50 BCE, he conquered Gaul in a series of brilliant campaigns that expanded Roman territory and secured his military reputation. After crossing the Rubicon River in 49 BCE and defeating his rival Pompey in civil war, Caesar became dictator of Rome, ultimately declaring himself dictator for life in 44 BCE. Caes